Both statements are correct because biodiversity is influenced by several ecological factors, including climate and habitat diversity. In lower latitudes, warmer temperatures and more stable climates support a wider variety of species, while higher latitudes experience harsher conditions that limit biological diversity. Similarly, in mountainous regions, lower altitudes generally provide more favorable conditions for a diverse range of flora and fauna due to milder climates and better soil conditions, while higher altitudes become increasingly inhospitable, leading to reduced biodiversity. This understanding aligns with concepts outlined in standard UPSC reference materials, reflecting the critical interplay between geography and biodiversity.