Satya Shodhak Samaj, founded by Jyotirao Phule in 1873, aimed to challenge the entrenched caste system in Maharashtra and promote social reform by advocating for the rights and education of lower castes and women. This anti-caste movement sought to dismantle the rigid social hierarchy and foster equality, aligning with the broader reformist trends during the late 19th century in India that were crucial in questioning traditional norms and promoting social justice. Its impact is significant in the context of UPSC, as it ties into themes of social reform, caste dynamics, and the evolution of modern Indian society.