The Mediterranean Sea primarily borders countries along its northern coast, including Lebanon and Syria. Jordan has a coastline along the Gulf of Aqaba, which is part of the Red Sea, and Iraq does not have any coastline. Understanding the geographical boundaries and coastal nations of significant bodies of water, like the Mediterranean Sea, is essential for UPSC Prelims, as it reflects knowledge of geopolitical contexts and regional geography, which are crucial for various aspects of governance and international relations in the examination framework.