Both statements are correct in the context of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs). First, CBDCs can facilitate transactions without relying on traditional systems like the US dollar or SWIFT, enabling direct exchanges between parties and enhancing efficiency in cross-border payments. Second, the programmability of digital currencies allows for the implementation of smart contracts, where conditions such as spending time frames can be embedded, offering greater flexibility and control over monetary transactions. This reflects the evolving landscape of digital finance and the potential for innovative uses of currency in the digital age.