Explanation
The correct option, indicating that Statement-I is incorrect while Statement-II is correct, aligns with the understanding of soil characteristics in tropical rainforests. While Statement-I suggests that the soil is rich in nutrients, tropical rainforest soils often have a thin layer of nutrients due to rapid decomposition and nutrient uptake by dense vegetation, leading to nutrient-poor conditions overall. Statement-II correctly highlights that the combination of high temperature and moisture accelerates the decomposition of organic matter, which contributes to the rapid nutrient cycling but also means that nutrients are quickly absorbed by plants, leaving the soil depleted. This nuanced understanding is critical for the UPSC Prelims, as it emphasizes the dynamic ecological processes in tropical rainforests.
