Explanation
Statement-I is correct because it accurately reflects data from the United Nations' World Water Development Report, indicating that India constitutes a significant portion of the world’s groundwater extraction, highlighting the country's intense reliance on groundwater resources. However, Statement-II is incorrect because while India does have a large population reliant on groundwater, the extraction rate does not necessarily indicate that India must extract more than a quarter of the world's groundwater to satisfy its drinking water and sanitation needs; this suggests a misunderstanding of the relationship between extraction and necessity, as groundwater sustainability is a critical issue affecting long-term availability. Understanding the balance between resource extraction and sustainability is crucial in the context of India’s water management challenges, as highlighted in various UPSC-level studies on environmental science and sustainable development.
