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Environment & Ecology2024
Consider the following:
  1. Butterflies
  2. Fish
  3. Frogs
How many of the above have poisonous species among them?

Explanation

All three groups—butterflies, fish, and frogs—contain species that can exhibit poisonous characteristics. Butterflies, such as the Monarch, have evolved bright coloration that signals toxicity to predators, while certain fish, like the pufferfish, possess harmful toxins as a defense mechanism. Frogs, particularly species like the poison dart frog, are well-known for their skin toxins, which they can secrete as a deterrent against predation. This diversity in toxicity across these groups underscores the evolutionary adaptations that organisms develop to survive in their respective ecosystems, a concept pertinent to the study of biodiversity and ecological interactions in UPSC-related syllabi.

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