Environment & Ecology2026
Which of the following best explain(s) the rationale for protecting mangrove ecosystems in the context of climate resilience?
- Mangroves reduce tidal energy and store freshwater, making them ideal sites for paddy cultivation in saline estuarine belts.
- Their salt-sensitive roots filter seawater, making mangroves key to converting coastal land into freshwater aquaculture zones.
- By withstanding tidal surges and offering biomass resources, mangroves function both as natural bio-shields and livelihood bases for rural communities.
Select the answer using the code given below:
Explanation
Correct option: 3 only
Option 3 is correct because mangrove ecosystems play a crucial role in enhancing climate resilience by serving as natural barriers against tidal surges and storm impacts, thus protecting coastal communities. Additionally, they provide essential resources such as timber and fish, which support the livelihoods of rural populations. This dual function of mangroves not only conserves biodiversity but also reinforces the socioeconomic stability of vulnerable regions, aligning with sustainable development goals focused on environmental protection and community resilience, as emphasized in UPSC-level studies.