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Consider the following statements about the archaeological findings in Harappan towns: I. There is wide occurrence of spindle-whorls in the houses but absence of spinning wheels. II. Weights and measurement scales, complete with graduations have been discovered. III. There are houses built in large part with baked bricks, around relatively spacious courtyards, with their own wells, bathing platforms, and large rooms. Which of the following inferences can be drawn from the above statements?
  1. Statement I suggests that spinning was a laborious activity done at home.
  2. Statement II suggests the extent of the scientific knowledge that the Harappans possessed.
  3. Statement III suggests the emergence of a common property system.
Select the answer using the code given below:

Explanation

The correct option is "1 and 2 only" because:

  1. Statement I indicates the prevalence of spindle-whorls suggests that spinning was likely a household activity, implying it required significant manual effort and was labor-intensive, supporting the inference that domestic tasks were a primary focus for Harappan people.

  2. Statement II points to the discovery of weights and measurement scales with graduations, indicating a sophisticated understanding of measurement and trade practices, reflecting the Harappans' advanced scientific knowledge necessary for economic activities.

Statement III, however, does not convincingly support the notion of a common property system as it primarily describes the architectural focus on private homes rather than communal ownership. Thus, Option 1 and 2 align well with the implications of the archaeological findings in the context of their economic and social structure.

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