Which of the following statements with regard to Large Language Models (LLMs) used in machine learning is/are correct? 1. LLMs assign probabilities to the next possible words and then pick the one with the highest probability. 2. LLMs process data through mathematical optimization to minimise prediction errors. 3. LLMs produce unbiased outputs. Select the answer using the code given below:

Which of the following statements with regard to Large Language Models (LLMs) used in machine learning is/are correct? 1. LLMs assign probabilities to the next possible words and then pick the one — UPSC Prelims 2026 Answer & Explanation

Science & Technology2026

Which of the following statements with regard to Large Language Models (LLMs) used in machine learning is/are correct?

LLMs assign probabilities to the next possible words and then pick the one with the highest probability.
LLMs process data through mathematical optimization to minimise prediction errors.
LLMs produce unbiased outputs.

Select the answer using the code given below:

Explanation

The correct option is 1 and 2 only. Large Language Models (LLMs) indeed assign probabilities to the next possible words, and typically select the word with the highest probability, reflecting their predictive nature. Additionally, they undergo mathematical optimization during training to minimize prediction errors, improving their accuracy. However, statement 3 is incorrect as LLMs can produce biased outputs due to the data they are trained on, which may contain inherent biases, reflecting the complexities and limitations within machine learning. This understanding is essential in evaluating AI systems and their societal impacts, aligning with the critical thinking emphasized in UPSC examinations.

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