Growth, development and economic indicators — UPSC Prelims PYQs

Consider the following statements with reference to the Sagarmala Programme of the Government of India: I. The Sagarmala Programme seeks to achieve port-led economic growth through cost-effective and sustainable coastal infrastructure. II. The success of the Sagarmala Programme is reflected in significant growth in coastal and inland waterway shipping, along with improved global port rankings. III. Sagarmala 2.0 aims to position India as a global maritime innovation hub aligned with Atmanirbhar Bharat and Viksit Bharat 2047 visions. Which of the following relationships among the above statements is/are correct? 1. Statement II validates the effectiveness of the strategies envisioned in statement I. 2. Statement III extends the objectives of statement I by embedding them into a future-oriented innovation framework. 3. Statement I contradicts statement III by focusing only on traditional infrastructure instead of modern innovation. Select the answer using the code given below:

Match List I with List II and select the answer using the code given below the Lists: List I (Project Supported by India): A. Mangdechhu Hydroelectric Project B. Restoration of Stor Palace C. District Hospital at Dickoya D. Institute of Security and Law Enforcement Studies List II (Country): 1. Maldives 2. Afghanistan 3. Bhutan 4. Sri Lanka Code:

With reference to the organisations under the Government of India, consider the following details: Sl. No. 1 - Organisation: Central Economic Intelligence Bureau (CEIB); Function: To coordinate between various law enforcement agencies; Controlling Union Ministry: Ministry of Home Affairs Sl. No. 2 - Organisation: Serious Fraud Investigation Office (SFIO); Function: To investigate complex corporate frauds; Controlling Union Ministry: Ministry of Finance Sl. No. 3 - Organisation: Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI); Function: To preserve values in public life and ensure the health of the national economy; Controlling Union Ministry: Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pension In how many of the above rows are the given details correctly matched?

Consider the following pairs: Country — Reason for being in the news 1. Argentina — Worst economic crisis 2. Sudan — War between the country's regular army and paramilitary forces 3. Turkey — Rescinded its membership of NATO How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

Consider the following statements about G-20: 1. The G-20 group was originally established as a platform for the Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors to discuss international economic and financial issues. 2. Digital public infrastructure is one of India’s G-20 priorities. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements: The ‘Stability and Growth Pact’ of the European Union is a treaty that 1. limits the levels of the budgetary deficit of the countries of the European Union 2. makes the countries of the European Union to share their infrastructure facilities 3. enables the countries of the European Union to share their technologies How many of the above statements are correct?

With reference to pulse production in India, consider the following statements: 1. Black gram can be cultivated as both kharif and rabi crops. 2. Green-gram alone accounts for nearly half of pulse production. 3. In the last three decades, while the production of kharif pulses has increased the production of rabi pulses has decreased. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the Indian economy after the 1991 economic liberalisation, consider the following statements: 1. Wo r k e r p r o d u c t i v i t y ( R s. p e r w o r k e r a t 2004 -05 prices) increased in urban areas while it decreased in rural areas. 2. The % age share of rural areas in the workforce steadily increased. 3. In rural areas, the growth in the non-farm economy increased. 4. The growth rate in rural employment decreased. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

If another global financial crisis happens in the near future, which of the following actions/policies are most likely to give some immunity to India? 1. Not depending on short-term foreign borrowings 2. Opening up to more foreign banks 3. Maintaining full capital account convertibility Select the correct answer using the code given below:

With reference to India’s Five -Year Plans, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. From the Second Five -Year Plan, there was a determined thrust towards substitution of basic and capital good industries. 2. The Fourth Five -Year Plan adopted the objective of correcting the earlier trend of increased concentration of wealth and economic power. 3. In the Fifth Five -Year Plan, for the first time, the financial sector was included as an integral part of the Plan. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Consider the following statements: 1. Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) exchange rates are calculated by comparing the prices of the same basket of goods and services in different countries. 2. In terms of PPP dollars, India is the sixth largest economy in the world. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements: Human capital formation as a concept is better explained in terms of a process which enables: 1. Individuals of a country to accumulate more capital. 2. Increasing the knowledge, skill levels and capacities of the people of the country. 3. Accumulation of tangible wealth. 4. Accumulation of intangible wealth. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Despite being a high saving economy, capital formation may not result in significant increase in output due to:

Increase in absolute and per capita real GNP does not connote a higher level of economic development, if:

Consider the following statements: 1. Tax revenue as a percent of GDP of India has steadily increased in the last decade. 2. Fiscal deficit as a percent of GDP of India has steadily increased in the last decade. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which of the following has/have occurred in India after its liberalisation of economic policies in 1991? 1. Share of agriculture in GDP increased enormously. 2. Share of India’s exports in world trade increased. 3. FDI inflows increased. 4. India’s foreign exchange reserves increased enormously. Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

India’s ranking in the ‘Ease of Doing Business Index’ is sometimes seen in the news. Which of the following has declared that ranking?

The term ‘Intended Nationally Determined Contributions’ is sometimes seen in the news in the context of

With reference to Indian economy, consider the following statements: 1. The rate of growth of Real Gross Domestic Product has steadily increased in the last decade. 2. The Gross Domestic Product at market prices (in rupees) has steadily increased in the last decade. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A decrease in tax to GDP ratio of a country indicates which of the following? 1. Slowing economic growth rate 2. Less equitable distribution of national income Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

In the ‘Index of Eight Core Industries’, which one of the following is given the highest weight?

The main objective of the 12th Five-Year Plan is:

The national income of a country for a given period is equal to the:

Economic growth in country X will necessarily have to occur if:

In India, in the overall index of Industrial Production, the Indices of Eight Core Industries have a combined weight of 37.90%. Which of the following are among those Eight Core industries? 1. Cement 2. Fertilizer 3. Natural Gas 4. Refinery products 5. Textiles Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

In the context of Indian economy, consider the following statements: 1. The growth rate of GDP has steadily increased in the last five years. 2. The growth rate in per capita income has steadily increased in the last five years. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

India has experienced persistent and high food inflation in the recent past. What could be the reasons? 1. Due to a gradual switchover to the cultivation of commercial crops, the area Under cultivation of food grains has steadily decreased in the last five years by about 30%. 2. As a consequence of increasing incomes, the consu- mption patterns of the people have undergone a significant change. 3. The food supply chain has structural constraints. Which of the statements given above are correct?