The chief characteristic of mixed farming is the simultaneous rearing of animals and cultivation of crops, which allows farmers to maximize the use of available resources. This integrated approach enhances soil fertility through natural manure from livestock, provides diversified income sources, and reduces the risks associated with crop failure by spreading agricultural activities. As highlighted in UPSC preparatory materials like NCERT textbooks, mixed farming reflects sustainable agricultural practices and contributes to food security, aligning with economic and ecological principles in rural development.