The separation of powers is a fundamental principle in a liberal democracy that divides governmental authority among distinct branches—executive, legislative, and judicial. This separation ensures that no single entity has absolute power, thus preventing tyranny and safeguarding individual liberties by providing a system of checks and balances. By delineating responsibilities and creating mechanisms for accountability, it protects citizens from the arbitrary exercise of power and enhances democratic governance, which is critical for maintaining liberty and justice as espoused in foundational democratic principles.