Gandikota Canyon, often referred to as the "Grand Canyon of India," was formed by the erosive activity of the Pennar River. Over millions of years, the river's flow has carved deep gorges and unique rock formations in the Deccan Plateau's volcanic basalt, illustrating key geological processes such as erosion and sedimentation. Understanding such landforms is essential in UPSC Prelims GS Paper I, as it relates to the study of physical geography, river systems, and their impact on local ecosystems and human settlements.