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Science & Technology2026
Which of the following items of defence hardware is/are manufactured in India?
  1. Su-30 MKI Fighter Jets
  2. T-90 MK-III Tanks
  3. Akula Class Submarine
Select the answer using the code given below:

Explanation

The correct option is 1 and 2 because the Su-30 MKI fighter jets and T-90 MK-III tanks are manufactured in India through collaborations with foreign partners and are tailored to meet the specific needs of the Indian Armed Forces. The Su-30 MKI is produced by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) in collaboration with Russia's Sukhoi, while the T-90 MK-III is manufactured by the Ordnance Factory Board in collaboration with Russian technology. However, the Akula-class submarine is leased and not manufactured in India; it is a Russian-designed submarine that has been integrated into the Indian Navy's fleet. This distinction is significant for understanding India's defense capabilities and indigenous production efforts, which are critical to national security strategy as emphasized in standard UPSC reference materials.

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